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Controlling Bleeding from the Mouth and Nose
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Controlling Bleeding from the Mouth and Nose

There a number of potential reasons for bleeding from the mouth. If the bleed is a result of direct impact to the face, there are likely to be injuries to the jaw and possibly the cheekbone, as well as to the gums and teeth. It may also be that the bleed follows dental treatment. In the case of nosebleeds, find out what caused the nosebleed so you can establish whether the nose or checkbone has been damaged. Many nosebleeds start spontaneously and the cause is never known. The priority with any mouth or nosebleed is to protect the casualty's airway and try to prevent blood being swallowed as this may cause vomiting.

How to treat bleeding from the mouth

  1. Lean the casualty forward and encourage her to spit out any blood and/or broken teeth into a receptacle.
  2. If the bleed is easy to reach, controlling it may be helped by placing a small dressing over the wound and encouraging the casualty to apply pressure for 10 minutes.
  3. If there is a severe bleed from a tooth socket, place a rolled-up dressing, large enough to stop the teeth from meeting, into the mouth and ask the casualty to bite on it. If this does not control the bleeding after 10 minutes, reapply a clean pad.

If the bleeding has not stopped after 30 minutes, or is particularly severe, either take or send the casualty to hospital. There may be damage to the jaw or cheekbone. Cold compresses may relieve this pain and reduce swelling and you may need to support broken bones with pads or your hands.

If the nose or cheek appears to be broken

Lean the casualty forward and encourage him to spit out blood. Do not pinch the nose. Cold compresses either side of the injury may provide some relief and help to reduce the bleeding.

If a tooth has been knocked out

Adult teeth can sometimes be replanted in the mouth, so it is worth storing the tooth carefully. Do not wash the tooth; instead, place it in a labelled plastic bag with some milk or water to keep it moist, and send with the person to the emergency dentist or hospital. Teeth need to be replanted quickly - go to a dentist or hospital emergency department.


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